Exploring Marine Caves with Potential Value for Monk Seals in the Ionian Sea
A recent marine cave survey in Northern Corfu and surrounding islets has revealed several potential key habitats for the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) and recorded rich biodiversity.
The NGO Archipelagos – environment and development is leading and managing the project, while also joining fieldwork alongside experts Prof. Vasilis Gerovasileiou and PhD candidate Markos Digenis from the Department of Environment at the Ionian University. The project is supported by the Ionian Environment Foundation and the Blue Marine Foundation.
Marine caves are endangered key habitats under Annex I of the EU Habitats Directive. Despite this, they remain insufficiently protected and highly vulnerable to unregulated tourism, pollution , marine litter, and disturbance.
The team, together with local divers and professionals, carried out a survey on 24 coastal caves, including entirely submerged, semi-submerged, and terrestrial coastal formations.
Using SCUBA diving, snorkeling, and visual observation, the team identified 12 caves as potentially suitable habitats for monk seals, with 4 of them located in the Erimitis area.
Rare and Protected Marine Life Documented
The survey recorded 12 protected benthic species, including:
• Corals: Caryophyllia inornata, Hoplangia durotrix, Leptopsammia pruvoti, Madracis pharensis, Phyllangia americana, Polycyathus muellerae
• Mollusks: Lithophaga lithophaga, Luria lurida
• Sponges: Tethya aurantium, along with notable rock sponge formations
• Crustaceans and echinoderms: Scyllarides latus, Ophidiaster ophidianus
Notably, one of the surveyed caves holds exceptional scientific and conservation interest, as it harbors rare dense rock sponge communities.
The Ionian Environment Foundation is proud to support this crucial work, which not only highlights the ecological importance of the regions marine caves but also underscores the urgent need for their protection. Safeguarding these vulnerable habitats is essential for the survival of rare species like the Mediterranean monk seal and the preservation of the region’s rich marine biodiversity.
We remain committed to funding initiatives that promote evidence-based conservation and foster local collaboration to protect our shared natural heritage.